CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1. Report description
1.2. Key market segments
1.3. Key benefits to the stakeholders
1.4. Research methodology
1.4.1. Primary research
1.4.2. Secondary research
1.4.3. Analyst tools and models
CHAPTER 2: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
2.1. CXO Perspective
CHAPTER 3: MARKET OVERVIEW
3.1. Market definition and scope
3.2. Key findings
3.2.1. Top impacting factors
3.2.2. Top investment pockets
3.3. Porter’s five forces analysis
3.4. Market dynamics
3.4.1. Drivers
3.4.2. Restraints
3.4.3. Opportunities
3.5. Average Selling Price
3.6. Market Share Analysis
3.7. Brand Share Analysis
3.8. Trade Data Analysis
3.9. Product Consumption
3.10. Value Chain Analysis
3.11. Regulatory Guidelines
3.12. Key Regulation Analysis
3.13. Reimbursement Scenario
3.14. Patent Landscape
CHAPTER 4: CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT
4.1. Overview
4.1.1. Market size and forecast
4.2. Tanks
4.2.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
4.2.2. Market size and forecast, by region
4.2.3. Market share analysis by country
4.3. Valves
4.3.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
4.3.2. Market size and forecast, by region
4.3.3. Market share analysis by country
4.4. Vaporizers
4.4.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
4.4.2. Market size and forecast, by region
4.4.3. Market share analysis by country
4.5. Pumps
4.5.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
4.5.2. Market size and forecast, by region
4.5.3. Market share analysis by country
4.6. Vacuum Jacketed Piping
4.6.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
4.6.2. Market size and forecast, by region
4.6.3. Market share analysis by country
4.7. Others
4.7.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
4.7.2. Market size and forecast, by region
4.7.3. Market share analysis by country
CHAPTER 5: CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE
5.1. Overview
5.1.1. Market size and forecast
5.2. Nitrogen
5.2.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
5.2.2. Market size and forecast, by region
5.2.3. Market share analysis by country
5.3. Oxygen
5.3.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
5.3.2. Market size and forecast, by region
5.3.3. Market share analysis by country
5.4. Argon
5.4.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
5.4.2. Market size and forecast, by region
5.4.3. Market share analysis by country
5.5. LNG
5.5.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
5.5.2. Market size and forecast, by region
5.5.3. Market share analysis by country
5.6. Others
5.6.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
5.6.2. Market size and forecast, by region
5.6.3. Market share analysis by country
CHAPTER 6: CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION
6.1. Overview
6.1.1. Market size and forecast
6.2. Storage
6.2.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
6.2.2. Market size and forecast, by region
6.2.3. Market share analysis by country
6.3. Distribution
6.3.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
6.3.2. Market size and forecast, by region
6.3.3. Market share analysis by country
CHAPTER 7: CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY REGION
7.1. Overview
7.1.1. Market size and forecast By Region
7.2. North America
7.2.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
7.2.2. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.2.3. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.2.4. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.2.5. Market size and forecast, by country
7.2.5.1. U.S.
7.2.5.1.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.2.5.1.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.2.5.1.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.2.5.2. Canada
7.2.5.2.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.2.5.2.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.2.5.2.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.2.5.3. Mexico
7.2.5.3.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.2.5.3.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.2.5.3.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.3. Europe
7.3.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
7.3.2. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.3.3. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.3.4. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.3.5. Market size and forecast, by country
7.3.5.1. France
7.3.5.1.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.3.5.1.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.3.5.1.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.3.5.2. Germany
7.3.5.2.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.3.5.2.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.3.5.2.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.3.5.3. Italy
7.3.5.3.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.3.5.3.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.3.5.3.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.3.5.4. Spain
7.3.5.4.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.3.5.4.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.3.5.4.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.3.5.5. UK
7.3.5.5.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.3.5.5.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.3.5.5.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.3.5.6. Rest of Europe
7.3.5.6.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.3.5.6.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.3.5.6.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.4. Asia-Pacific
7.4.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
7.4.2. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.4.3. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.4.4. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.4.5. Market size and forecast, by country
7.4.5.1. China
7.4.5.1.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.4.5.1.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.4.5.1.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.4.5.2. Japan
7.4.5.2.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.4.5.2.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.4.5.2.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.4.5.3. India
7.4.5.3.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.4.5.3.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.4.5.3.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.4.5.4. South Korea
7.4.5.4.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.4.5.4.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.4.5.4.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.4.5.5. Australia
7.4.5.5.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.4.5.5.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.4.5.5.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.4.5.6. Rest of Asia-Pacific
7.4.5.6.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.4.5.6.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.4.5.6.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.5. LAMEA
7.5.1. Key market trends, growth factors and opportunities
7.5.2. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.5.3. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.5.4. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.5.5. Market size and forecast, by country
7.5.5.1. Brazil
7.5.5.1.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.5.5.1.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.5.5.1.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.5.5.2. UAE
7.5.5.2.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.5.5.2.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.5.5.2.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.5.5.3. South Africa
7.5.5.3.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.5.5.3.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.5.5.3.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.5.5.4. Argentina
7.5.5.4.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.5.5.4.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.5.5.4.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
7.5.5.5. Rest of LAMEA
7.5.5.5.1. Market size and forecast, by Product
7.5.5.5.2. Market size and forecast, by Gas Type
7.5.5.5.3. Market size and forecast, by Application
CHAPTER 8: COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Top winning strategies
8.3. Product mapping of top 10 player
8.4. Competitive dashboard
8.5. Competitive heatmap
8.6. Top player positioning, 2022
CHAPTER 9: COMPANY PROFILES
9.1. LAPESA GRUPO EMPRESARIAL
9.1.1. Company overview
9.1.2. Key executives
9.1.3. Company snapshot
9.2. Linde plc
9.2.1. Company overview
9.2.2. Key executives
9.2.3. Company snapshot
9.3. Cryolor
9.3.1. Company overview
9.3.2. Key executives
9.3.3. Company snapshot
9.4. Auguste Cryogenics
9.4.1. Company overview
9.4.2. Key executives
9.4.3. Company snapshot
9.5. Cryofab, Inc.
9.5.1. Company overview
9.5.2. Key executives
9.5.3. Company snapshot
9.6. Emerson Electric Co.
9.6.1. Company overview
9.6.2. Key executives
9.6.3. Company snapshot
9.7. Chart Industries
9.7.1. Company overview
9.7.2. Key executives
9.7.3. Company snapshot
9.8. NIKKISO
9.8.1. Company overview
9.8.2. Key executives
9.8.3. Company snapshot
9.9. INOX India Limited
9.9.1. Company overview
9.9.2. Key executives
9.9.3. Company snapshot
9.10. MAN Energy Solutions
9.10.1. Company overview
9.10.2. Key executives
9.10.3. Company snapshot
TABLE 01. GLOBAL CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 02. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR TANKS, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 03. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR VALVES, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 04. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR VAPORIZERS, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 05. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR PUMPS, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 06. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR VACUUM JACKETED PIPING, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 07. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 08. GLOBAL CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 09. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR NITROGEN, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 10. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR OXYGEN, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 11. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR ARGON, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 12. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR LNG, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 13. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR OTHERS, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 14. GLOBAL CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 15. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR STORAGE, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 16. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET FOR DISTRIBUTION, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 17. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY REGION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 18. NORTH AMERICA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 19. NORTH AMERICA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 20. NORTH AMERICA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 21. NORTH AMERICA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 22. U.S. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 23. U.S. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 24. U.S. CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 25. CANADA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 26. CANADA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 27. CANADA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 28. MEXICO CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 29. MEXICO CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 30. MEXICO CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 31. EUROPE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 32. EUROPE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 33. EUROPE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 34. EUROPE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 35. FRANCE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 36. FRANCE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 37. FRANCE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 38. GERMANY CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 39. GERMANY CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 40. GERMANY CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 41. ITALY CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 42. ITALY CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 43. ITALY CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 44. SPAIN CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 45. SPAIN CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 46. SPAIN CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 47. UK CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 48. UK CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 49. UK CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 50. REST OF EUROPE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 51. REST OF EUROPE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 52. REST OF EUROPE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 53. ASIA-PACIFIC CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 54. ASIA-PACIFIC CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 55. ASIA-PACIFIC CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 56. ASIA-PACIFIC CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 57. CHINA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 58. CHINA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 59. CHINA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 60. JAPAN CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 61. JAPAN CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 62. JAPAN CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 63. INDIA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 64. INDIA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 65. INDIA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 66. SOUTH KOREA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 67. SOUTH KOREA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 68. SOUTH KOREA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 69. AUSTRALIA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 70. AUSTRALIA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 71. AUSTRALIA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 72. REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 73. REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 74. REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 75. LAMEA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 76. LAMEA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 77. LAMEA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 78. LAMEA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 79. BRAZIL CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 80. BRAZIL CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 81. BRAZIL CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 82. UAE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 83. UAE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 84. UAE CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 85. SOUTH AFRICA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 86. SOUTH AFRICA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 87. SOUTH AFRICA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 88. ARGENTINA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 89. ARGENTINA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 90. ARGENTINA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 91. REST OF LAMEA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY PRODUCT, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 92. REST OF LAMEA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY GAS TYPE, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 93. REST OF LAMEA CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2032 ($MILLION)
TABLE 94. LAPESA GRUPO EMPRESARIAL: KEY EXECUTIVES
TABLE 95. LAPESA GRUPO EMPRESARIAL: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
TABLE 96. LINDE PLC: KEY EXECUTIVES
TABLE 97. LINDE PLC: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
TABLE 98. CRYOLOR: KEY EXECUTIVES
TABLE 99. CRYOLOR: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
TABLE 100. AUGUSTE CRYOGENICS: KEY EXECUTIVES
TABLE 101. AUGUSTE CRYOGENICS: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
TABLE 102. CRYOFAB, INC.: KEY EXECUTIVES
TABLE 103. CRYOFAB, INC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
TABLE 104. EMERSON ELECTRIC CO.: KEY EXECUTIVES
TABLE 105. EMERSON ELECTRIC CO.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
TABLE 106. CHART INDUSTRIES: KEY EXECUTIVES
TABLE 107. CHART INDUSTRIES: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
TABLE 108. NIKKISO: KEY EXECUTIVES
TABLE 109. NIKKISO: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
TABLE 110. INOX INDIA LIMITED: KEY EXECUTIVES
TABLE 111. INOX INDIA LIMITED: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
TABLE 112. MAN ENERGY SOLUTIONS: KEY EXECUTIVES
TABLE 113. MAN ENERGY SOLUTIONS: COMPANY SNAPSHOT
