1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Soil Shredder Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Soil Shredder Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Soil Shredder Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Soil Shredder Market Size: 2022 VS 2029
2.2 Global Soil Shredder Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2018-2029
2.3 Global Soil Shredder Sales: 2018-2029
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Soil Shredder Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Soil Shredder Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Soil Shredder Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Soil Shredder Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Soil Shredder Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Soil Shredder Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2022
3.7 Global Manufacturers Soil Shredder Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Soil Shredder Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Soil Shredder Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Soil Shredder Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type – Global Soil Shredder Market Size Markets, 2022 & 2029
4.1.2 Electric Powered
4.1.3 Gasoline Powered
4.1.4 Manual
4.2 By Type – Global Soil Shredder Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type – Global Soil Shredder Revenue, 2018-2023
4.2.2 By Type – Global Soil Shredder Revenue, 2024-2029
4.2.3 By Type – Global Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
4.3 By Type – Global Soil Shredder Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type – Global Soil Shredder Sales, 2018-2023
4.3.2 By Type – Global Soil Shredder Sales, 2024-2029
4.3.3 By Type – Global Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
4.4 By Type – Global Soil Shredder Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2029
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application – Global Soil Shredder Market Size, 2022 & 2029
5.1.2 Business
5.1.3 Residential
5.1.4 Others
5.2 By Application – Global Soil Shredder Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application – Global Soil Shredder Revenue, 2018-2023
5.2.2 By Application – Global Soil Shredder Revenue, 2024-2029
5.2.3 By Application – Global Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
5.3 By Application – Global Soil Shredder Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application – Global Soil Shredder Sales, 2018-2023
5.3.2 By Application – Global Soil Shredder Sales, 2024-2029
5.3.3 By Application – Global Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
5.4 By Application – Global Soil Shredder Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2018-2029
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region – Global Soil Shredder Market Size, 2022 & 2029
6.2 By Region – Global Soil Shredder Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region – Global Soil Shredder Revenue, 2018-2023
6.2.2 By Region – Global Soil Shredder Revenue, 2024-2029
6.2.3 By Region – Global Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
6.3 By Region – Global Soil Shredder Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region – Global Soil Shredder Sales, 2018-2023
6.3.2 By Region – Global Soil Shredder Sales, 2024-2029
6.3.3 By Region – Global Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country – North America Soil Shredder Revenue, 2018-2029
6.4.2 By Country – North America Soil Shredder Sales, 2018-2029
6.4.3 US Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.4 Canada Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.4.5 Mexico Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country – Europe Soil Shredder Revenue, 2018-2029
6.5.2 By Country – Europe Soil Shredder Sales, 2018-2029
6.5.3 Germany Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.4 France Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.5 U.K. Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.6 Italy Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.7 Russia Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.5.9 Benelux Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region – Asia Soil Shredder Revenue, 2018-2029
6.6.2 By Region – Asia Soil Shredder Sales, 2018-2029
6.6.3 China Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.4 Japan Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.5 South Korea Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.6.7 India Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country – South America Soil Shredder Revenue, 2018-2029
6.7.2 By Country – South America Soil Shredder Sales, 2018-2029
6.7.3 Brazil Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.7.4 Argentina Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country – Middle East & Africa Soil Shredder Revenue, 2018-2029
6.8.2 By Country – Middle East & Africa Soil Shredder Sales, 2018-2029
6.8.3 Turkey Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8.4 Israel Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
6.8.6 UAE Soil Shredder Market Size, 2018-2029
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 ROXOR
7.1.1 ROXOR Company Summary
7.1.2 ROXOR Business Overview
7.1.3 ROXOR Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 ROXOR Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.1.5 ROXOR Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 Royer Industries
7.2.1 Royer Industries Company Summary
7.2.2 Royer Industries Business Overview
7.2.3 Royer Industries Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Royer Industries Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.2.5 Royer Industries Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 Hitachi
7.3.1 Hitachi Company Summary
7.3.2 Hitachi Business Overview
7.3.3 Hitachi Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Hitachi Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.3.5 Hitachi Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Cornelius Equipment
7.4.1 Cornelius Equipment Company Summary
7.4.2 Cornelius Equipment Business Overview
7.4.3 Cornelius Equipment Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Cornelius Equipment Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Cornelius Equipment Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 CBT Wear Parts
7.5.1 CBT Wear Parts Company Summary
7.5.2 CBT Wear Parts Business Overview
7.5.3 CBT Wear Parts Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 CBT Wear Parts Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.5.5 CBT Wear Parts Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Morra Macchine Agricole s n c
7.6.1 Morra Macchine Agricole s n c Company Summary
7.6.2 Morra Macchine Agricole s n c Business Overview
7.6.3 Morra Macchine Agricole s n c Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Morra Macchine Agricole s n c Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Morra Macchine Agricole s n c Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 Waste By Rail
7.7.1 Waste By Rail Company Summary
7.7.2 Waste By Rail Business Overview
7.7.3 Waste By Rail Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 Waste By Rail Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Waste By Rail Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Innovative Recycling Solutions
7.8.1 Innovative Recycling Solutions Company Summary
7.8.2 Innovative Recycling Solutions Business Overview
7.8.3 Innovative Recycling Solutions Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Innovative Recycling Solutions Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.8.5 Innovative Recycling Solutions Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 Herbold Meckesheim GmbH
7.9.1 Herbold Meckesheim GmbH Company Summary
7.9.2 Herbold Meckesheim GmbH Business Overview
7.9.3 Herbold Meckesheim GmbH Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Herbold Meckesheim GmbH Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.9.5 Herbold Meckesheim GmbH Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 Ritchie Bros
7.10.1 Ritchie Bros Company Summary
7.10.2 Ritchie Bros Business Overview
7.10.3 Ritchie Bros Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Ritchie Bros Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.10.5 Ritchie Bros Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 Extec
7.11.1 Extec Company Summary
7.11.2 Extec Soil Shredder Business Overview
7.11.3 Extec Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Extec Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.11.5 Extec Key News & Latest Developments
7.12 Wacker Neuson SE
7.12.1 Wacker Neuson SE Company Summary
7.12.2 Wacker Neuson SE Soil Shredder Business Overview
7.12.3 Wacker Neuson SE Soil Shredder Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 Wacker Neuson SE Soil Shredder Sales and Revenue in Global (2018-2023)
7.12.5 Wacker Neuson SE Key News & Latest Developments
8 Global Soil Shredder Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Soil Shredder Production Capacity, 2018-2029
8.2 Soil Shredder Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Soil Shredder Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Soil Shredder Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Soil Shredder Industry Value Chain
10.2 Soil Shredder Upstream Market
10.3 Soil Shredder Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Soil Shredder Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
Table 1. Key Players of Soil Shredder in Global Market
Table 2. Top Soil Shredder Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2022)
Table 3. Global Soil Shredder Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 4. Global Soil Shredder Revenue Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 5. Global Soil Shredder Sales by Companies, (Units), 2018-2023
Table 6. Global Soil Shredder Sales Share by Companies, 2018-2023
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Soil Shredder Price (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Soil Shredder Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Soil Shredder Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Soil Shredder Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2022 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 12. By Type - Global Soil Shredder Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 13. By Type - Global Soil Shredder Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 14. By Type - Global Soil Shredder Sales (Units), 2018-2023
Table 15. By Type - Global Soil Shredder Sales (Units), 2024-2029
Table 16. By Application – Global Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Table 17. By Application - Global Soil Shredder Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 18. By Application - Global Soil Shredder Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 19. By Application - Global Soil Shredder Sales (Units), 2018-2023
Table 20. By Application - Global Soil Shredder Sales (Units), 2024-2029
Table 21. By Region – Global Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 VS 2029
Table 22. By Region - Global Soil Shredder Revenue (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 23. By Region - Global Soil Shredder Revenue (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 24. By Region - Global Soil Shredder Sales (Units), 2018-2023
Table 25. By Region - Global Soil Shredder Sales (Units), 2024-2029
Table 26. By Country - North America Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 27. By Country - North America Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 28. By Country - North America Soil Shredder Sales, (Units), 2018-2023
Table 29. By Country - North America Soil Shredder Sales, (Units), 2024-2029
Table 30. By Country - Europe Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 31. By Country - Europe Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 32. By Country - Europe Soil Shredder Sales, (Units), 2018-2023
Table 33. By Country - Europe Soil Shredder Sales, (Units), 2024-2029
Table 34. By Region - Asia Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 35. By Region - Asia Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 36. By Region - Asia Soil Shredder Sales, (Units), 2018-2023
Table 37. By Region - Asia Soil Shredder Sales, (Units), 2024-2029
Table 38. By Country - South America Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 39. By Country - South America Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 40. By Country - South America Soil Shredder Sales, (Units), 2018-2023
Table 41. By Country - South America Soil Shredder Sales, (Units), 2024-2029
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2023
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2024-2029
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Shredder Sales, (Units), 2018-2023
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Shredder Sales, (Units), 2024-2029
Table 46. ROXOR Company Summary
Table 47. ROXOR Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 48. ROXOR Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 49. ROXOR Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Royer Industries Company Summary
Table 51. Royer Industries Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 52. Royer Industries Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 53. Royer Industries Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. Hitachi Company Summary
Table 55. Hitachi Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 56. Hitachi Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 57. Hitachi Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Cornelius Equipment Company Summary
Table 59. Cornelius Equipment Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 60. Cornelius Equipment Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 61. Cornelius Equipment Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. CBT Wear Parts Company Summary
Table 63. CBT Wear Parts Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 64. CBT Wear Parts Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 65. CBT Wear Parts Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Morra Macchine Agricole s n c Company Summary
Table 67. Morra Macchine Agricole s n c Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 68. Morra Macchine Agricole s n c Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 69. Morra Macchine Agricole s n c Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Waste By Rail Company Summary
Table 71. Waste By Rail Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 72. Waste By Rail Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 73. Waste By Rail Key News & Latest Developments
Table 74. Innovative Recycling Solutions Company Summary
Table 75. Innovative Recycling Solutions Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 76. Innovative Recycling Solutions Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 77. Innovative Recycling Solutions Key News & Latest Developments
Table 78. Herbold Meckesheim GmbH Company Summary
Table 79. Herbold Meckesheim GmbH Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 80. Herbold Meckesheim GmbH Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 81. Herbold Meckesheim GmbH Key News & Latest Developments
Table 82. Ritchie Bros Company Summary
Table 83. Ritchie Bros Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 84. Ritchie Bros Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 85. Ritchie Bros Key News & Latest Developments
Table 86. Extec Company Summary
Table 87. Extec Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 88. Extec Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 89. Extec Key News & Latest Developments
Table 90. Wacker Neuson SE Company Summary
Table 91. Wacker Neuson SE Soil Shredder Product Offerings
Table 92. Wacker Neuson SE Soil Shredder Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2018-2023)
Table 93. Wacker Neuson SE Key News & Latest Developments
Table 94. Soil Shredder Production Capacity (Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2021-2023 (Units)
Table 95. Global Soil Shredder Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2021-2023
Table 96. Global Soil Shredder Production by Region, 2018-2023 (Units)
Table 97. Global Soil Shredder Production by Region, 2024-2029 (Units)
Table 98. Soil Shredder Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 99. Soil Shredder Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 100. Soil Shredder Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 101. Soil Shredder Raw Materials
Table 102. Soil Shredder Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 103. Typical Soil Shredder Downstream
Table 104. Soil Shredder Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 105. Soil Shredder Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Soil Shredder Segment by Type in 2022
Figure 2. Soil Shredder Segment by Application in 2022
Figure 3. Global Soil Shredder Market Overview: 2022
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Soil Shredder Market Size: 2022 VS 2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Soil Shredder Revenue, 2018-2029 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Soil Shredder Sales in Global Market: 2018-2029 (Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Soil Shredder Revenue in 2022
Figure 9. By Type - Global Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 10. By Type - Global Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 11. By Type - Global Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 12. By Type - Global Soil Shredder Price (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Figure 13. By Application - Global Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 14. By Application - Global Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 15. By Application - Global Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 16. By Application - Global Soil Shredder Price (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Figure 17. By Region - Global Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022 & 2029
Figure 18. By Region - Global Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
Figure 19. By Region - Global Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 20. By Region - Global Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 21. By Country - North America Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 22. By Country - North America Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 23. US Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 24. Canada Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 25. Mexico Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 26. By Country - Europe Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 27. By Country - Europe Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 28. Germany Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 29. France Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 30. U.K. Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 31. Italy Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 32. Russia Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 33. Nordic Countries Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 34. Benelux Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 35. By Region - Asia Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 36. By Region - Asia Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 37. China Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 38. Japan Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 39. South Korea Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 40. Southeast Asia Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 41. India Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 42. By Country - South America Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 43. By Country - South America Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 44. Brazil Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 45. Argentina Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 46. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Shredder Revenue Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 47. By Country - Middle East & Africa Soil Shredder Sales Market Share, 2018-2029
Figure 48. Turkey Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 49. Israel Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 50. Saudi Arabia Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 51. UAE Soil Shredder Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2018-2029
Figure 52. Global Soil Shredder Production Capacity (Units), 2018-2029
Figure 53. The Percentage of Production Soil Shredder by Region, 2022 VS 2029
Figure 54. Soil Shredder Industry Value Chain
Figure 55. Marketing Channels